2010 Hong Kong to Athens
Goa and Taj Mahal ( Agra)
Goa
We took a tour of the state of Goa before going to the airport for our flight to Agra. Goa is along the western coast of India north of Mangalore and south of Mumbai ( Bombay). It has a large river and large shipbuilding industry. The district is made up of 427 villages and is 61% Hindu and 30% Catholic. The large Catholic population is due to the influence of Portuguese settlers. English is the predominant language in Goa. The temperature ranges from 34-37 Centigrade. The main industries are mining, mangoes, and fishing. Along the river the fishermen put stakes and nets in the water and just let the fish swim in. The boat traffic consists mostly of barges transporting the bauxite and mango crop down the river to the port of Goa.
We went to two large churches in Goa directly across the street from one another. The first was Bon Jesus where the body of St. Francis Xavier is preserved. Across the street is the basilica of St. Catherine. Why two huge churches? The Franciscan order built the cathedral then the Dominican order built St. Catherine’s then the Jesuit’s built another church and not to be outdone, the Augustinians built a fourth church. All financed by the Portuguese people. All have huge altars covered in gold and the obligatory statues, etc. Ninety per cent of the people in this area are Catholic so at least the churches are being used.
On to Panjim, the capital of Goa. The smallest capital in India. Jack didn’t want to brave walking through the market so we skipped the shopping and sat in the shaded waterside park where there was a peasant breeze. The temperature was in the mid- nineties. On the wide river there were casino boats and one modern powerboat of about 38 feet. I was unable to get a picture but it sure looked out of place. We wondered to whom it belonged. It was a visual reminder of the huge gap between the rich and the standard level of poverty that is prevalent.
Then it was off to the airport. It is amazing that in areas where the weather is so hot that there is not air conditioning in the public buildings. We were traveling on a chartered flight by Kingfisher Air which was late arriving. There were a fans in the waiting area but moving 95 degree air around does not make for a comfortable experience. We were fortunate on the way to Agra. Although we did not get picked in the raffle for the business class seats there were only two in a row in our section of coach and we were in an exit row with the extra legroom.
Agra and Taj Mahal
Our late departure meant we arrived too late to get to the Taj Mahal for the sunset viewing so we went straight to the hotel. The temperature in Agra was 105 degrees F. All the sights in Mangalore were duplicated in Agra: shacks, garbage, traffic mayhem, wandering cows, small business mish-mash, carts, bikes, motorcycles, tuk-tuks, more cars, all honking, men in long pants, women in saris, barefoot kids in shorts, small stands selling tobacco and lottery strips and above all the smell of India.
The Gateway Hotel was behind a wall with a gate, not too far from the Taj Mahal. We can see the spires of the Taj in the distance from the window in our room. We have a very nice renovated room; marble floors, two twin beds, a couch, chair, desk, and marble bathroom. The small wardrobe has lights that turn on when the door is opened as well as a safe. Bottled water is supplied. The quality of the furnishings and equipment is good but the finishes are crude. The installation was obviously done by unskilled labor. However, it is air conditioned and the lighting is ornate and works. The key must be put in the slot by the door for the lights to work which is fine. At our bathroom stop in Goa the lights went out several times in the building we were in and that also happened repeatedly at the hotel. It is evidently a fact of life in India. The electric wires on the street look like the ones in Thailand. Our guide pointed them out and said it took a very talented technician to be able to find the correct wiring when there was a problem. He also said half of the wiring was illegally jumped onto someone else’s line. Electricity is very expensive and although there is a growing middle class, most people cannot afford air conditioners and rely solely on fans even when the heat is 120 degrees Fahrenheit in the shade.
Now a few mind boggling facts. The population of India is 2.5 billion and grows by 20 million per year. The largest employer was the railroad which 17 million people ride each day: inside the cars with open doors, on the roof and hanging off the back of the cars. Wal-Mart has now surpassed the railroad as the largest employer. Motor cycles-35,000 sold every day in India. Honda sells more motor bikes in India than in the rest of the world combined. Cell phones- 250,000 new phones are sold per day in India. Seventy per cent of the population are farmers but they produce 18% of the gross domestic product which means they earn very little. So the farmers get up at 4-5am every day and ride their bikes into the towns to find work. They earn $2-3 per day in town, the women $2.50 per day. The poor go to the cities during the tourist season to find work and live in tents, shacks, etc with all their children. The poor have seven or eight children per family while the growing middle class have one or two children. Indira Gandhi tried to force sterilization on families after two children but they quickly voted her out. There is free education up to age 14 but it is not compulsory so only 1 in 600 people are considered literate enough to put their education to use. Of the national budget; 30% goes to defense, 4% for education, and 2.2% toward health care. Our guide said the Baptists and Presbyterians have come in and done a lot for the people toward education, clothing, and health care. We also saw a lot of Catholic schools which are considered strict and where the children get a good education. The local states are almost autonomous so there is no national policy directing India into the 21st century. All in all, India seems like a country of mindboggling challenges before much progress can be made.
Dinner was served in the ballroom of the hotel shortly after our arrival at 7 pm. Our guide had mentioned that because cows are sacred in India, no beef is served in India. In the hotels where beef is listed, it is actually buffalo and where lamb is listed, it is goat. Sixty per cent of the population is vegetarian. After eating much more than usual and necessary on the ship, it was easier to be more restrained in the buffet line at the hotel. During dinner we were treated to a family doing folk dances of India. They were very different from the Thai dances- much faster with a lot of pirouettes and the singing sounded very much like our rap music! Afterward there was a magician who showed his secrets and sold the tricks- so we are ready for the grandchildren!
The next morning we were up sat 4 AM to leave at 5AM for the sunrise trip to the Taj. The trip consists of a bus to a closer parking area where we boarded an electric bus to take us to about 200 yards from the Taj wall and gate and then walking the rest of the way. The rest of the way became known as running the gauntlet because of the shops and being continually approached by unrelenting street hawkers selling their wares. We arrived at the gate at 5:20 am and were the first in line. The gates were supposed to open at 5:40. They did open closer to 6 am. We had to go through security machines, 2 lines for men and 1 line for women. Cameras and water bottles were allowed but not much else. The sun was already rising in the sky but it was so hazy there was no sunrise effect on the stone. But the Taj Mahal is a beautiful building, well worth the trip. We had a chance to take many pictures and took a tour of the inside which is very dark and no pictures are allowed. There was a breeze and because of the haze, the temperature, though warm, was comfortable.
The Story of the Taj Mahal
It was built by the Mughal (pronounced mogul) emperor Shah Jehan as a tribute to his wife who died after the birth of her 14th child. Her tomb is in the middle of the building. On one side of the Taj there was a mosque built and a duplicate building used for nothing on the opposite side for symmetry. The Taj took 20,000 workers 22 years to build. It is constructed of brick and mortar covered with local white marble cut 8 inches thick, all hand cut with wire. Thirty seven architects worked on the design, thirty four of which were from Iran so it has a Persian design. Fourteen chapters of the Koran are set in the marble as well as inset decorations made of jasper, lapis, carnelian, and black marble. There are large rings attached to the top where during WW II and the war with Pakistan camouflage cloth was hung to cover and disguise it. Now with GPS that would be fruitless. It can be seen on Google earth. Shah Jehan wanted to build a black marble mausoleum across the river from the Taj for himself but was held captive by one of his surviving four sons and buried in a tomb next to his beloved wife in the center of the Taj which ruined the symmetry in the interior space. The grounds around the building represent what heaven is supposed to be like. There are 4 water channels which depict wine, honey, nectar which the Koran mentions will be in heaven. There was also a sunken mango orchard which no one cared for over a period of time and has since disappeared.
Back to the hotel for breakfast and then out again to visit the sandstone former capital of the Mughal empire Fatehpur Sikri. Legend says the city was built, occupied, and deserted in a fourteen year period from 1571-1585AD. However, it is so large within its walls that short period is hard to believe. It reminds one of the Forbidden City in size and the Turkish castle in Istanbul in the layout. There was a place in the courtyard where the concubines stood on a grid to basically form a human Parcheesi game. It was hot, hot, hot. This former city is located in the countryside so our return trip to the hotel was on a toll highway. That was interesting. The road was not formerly a toll road so an SUV two in front of our bus going through the toll booth spent ten minutes arguing about the toll with the toll booth attendant. We pulled into another lane and they were still arguing after we went through. We also got to see a truck loaded with cardboard pull alongside with 8-10 men riding on top. They climbed down at the gate then climbed back up after the gate opened. We saw a tuk-tuk so full that the driver was hanging half outside while driving to fit more people inside and four more men hanging onto the back. Evidently the fare is the same whether you are inside or outside. Our guide spoke about a tuk-tuk driver getting a ticket for carrying 35 people in his taxi which is licensed for 5. The judge threw out the case because he said you couldn’t possibly get 35 in a tuk-tuk. Our guide said he has seen men riding on the hood hanging onto the windshield wipers! Oh, and about the court system. There are 30 million pending cases. It takes 15 years for a case to get to court. Are you getting the picture about the magnitude of the problems?
The area of Agra is a plain west and south of the Himalayas. Its Yamuna River connects to the Ganges River. Potatoes are grown here. Fifty centimeters of rain fall per year although there is currently a drought. The temperatures can get to 120 degrees during the summer months. People come out early and late and stay inside during the day when it is hot. Pollution has been discoloring the white marble on the Taj Mahal which is why they went with the electric busses and are working on lessening the pollution. I understand the skies may clear only a few days a year and that is when the weather is cooler in the winter. The tuk-tuks fuel is propane. Families share a tuk-tuk due to the cost. They last 5 or 6 years. Women rarely drive. Thirty per cent of the people speak Hindi rather than English. Four – five million people come to Agra to visit the Taj Mahal each year but most are from India. Agra is known for its jewels, carpets, marble, and embroidery. It has no international airport. Our chartered Kingfisher flight had to land at the military base. There were once a lot of tigers around Agra. There are now only 1400 tigers left. Hunters can get $50,000 for a tiger. The high point of India was when it was under the control of the British. There were 4000 Indians to 1 Brit. Now there are 200 languages and 800 dialects.
India has become known as Bollywood. Eight hundred movies are produced in India each year. They all have the same story; boy and girl meet and fall in love, encounter problems but live happily ever after. Each movie must have singing and dancing which has nothing whatsoever to do with the story. Indians love to go to movies. They pay from 10 rupees in a shack where someone puts in a DVD to a movieplex at 500 rupees. (A dollar equals 44 rupees)
After an afternoon of shopping at a high end jewelry store and seeing a demonstration at a marble factory, back we went for the sunset version of the Taj Mahal. Since it was still overcast we didn’t expect to see a difference and we didn’t. The change was due to the now large number of Indian tourists. There was a line around the interior mausoleum and large families, all dressed up, taking pictures in front of the Taj Mahal. I had forgotten my camera- duh- but it didn’t make any difference. We just sat on a wall and watched the people. Then the best thing happened. I had a man approach me with his young child of about 6 months. He handed her to me and wanted to take a picture. Sure you can. Then the other school age children slowly approached so I waved them in. Then the two teenage girls looked tentative and I waved them in. So after multiple pictures we were all very happy. That’s when I wish I had taken my camera. So among the dark Indian faces there is a white haired lady with her arm around them. I was flattered that I looked friendly enough to approach. It was the highlight of the day.
After dinner we were supposed to go back for the moonlight on the Taj trip. Since it was still hazy I doubted there would be any difference and we skipped it. Those who went said it did not look any different. The bonus was only 30 were admitted at a time so it was empty. But we had the early morning pictures so I was satisfied. I did not want to run the gauntlet again! Our return to the hotel was exciting. One block from the hotel there was an elephant in the road. He was carrying a large bundle of branches and was walking along the side of the road. The bus stopped so we could take pictures then he walked in front of the bus. His handler finally got him to move. Elephants pretty much get to go where they want to!
We also skipped the trip to the smaller mausoleum and a fort. I went shopping again and still bought nothing. The shopkeepers follow you around trying to help you and I like to wander around and look first. The amount of stuff was overwhelming and I will probably kick myself for not buying anything. It was early to bed after a very long, hot day. Our trip to the airport the next day was uneventful. However it was about 105 again and once through security at the Indian Air Force base we were in a room with fans but no AC. The plane was delayed- again. Thank heavens they brought us water after an hour and the plane finally arrived. There were a lot of us about ready to pass out from the heat.
As we landed in Mumbai (Bombay) we walked down the stairs and the India smell was overwhelming again. I don’t know how people get used to it. Mumbai is a city of 17 million with a skyline and expressways and a lot of cars and traffic. It also has 4.5 million people living in slums. There is a beautiful beach road with park and promenade, tall condo buildings, modern offices, hotels and 1 block away there are slums. Our first photo op stop was at a laundry! Then it was on to the gateway to India on the beach. I stayed on the bus and took a picture to avoid the hawkers again. There are beautiful British Colonial buildings most of which are in disrepair. Most buildings are in disrepair. I wonder in what condition these beautiful new skyscrapers will be in 20 years. The traffic and people are again overwhelming. This is the financial center of India. I don’t know how much progress can be made in this country. The gross domestic product is growing 8-9% a year and there is a growing middle class due to IT but the population is growing so much it will be difficult to make much headway.
I was sooo happy to get back on a ship with air conditioning that works all the time, fluffy white towels, and food that matches the menu description. We sailed away from India. Jack said he was very glad we went to the Taj Mahal because it was beautiful and now we don’t have to return to India. Most of the travelers on the ship feel the same way.
Salalah. Oman
After two days at sea we approached Lala Land. We couldn’t get into the port as scheduled because of “congestion”. Our morning trip left at 12:45 PM and the bus broke down shortly after departure. We had the same girl form the boutique with us when our bus broke down in Viet Nam. This time, however, we were near the beach and we stood under a palm tree in the breeze although the temperature was about 90 degrees F. A replacement bus was sent fairly quickly and we resumed the trip. We drove 60 km. north along the coast to a restored wadi. Hmmm. Then another 20 km. to a cemetery and a mausoleum where a famous sultan (?)was buried. I can’t tell you how dumb we Americans are. We get to a small white building where we must take off our shoes and women wear a head scarf. It is now over 90 degrees. We enter the room where there is something in the shape of a casket for a giant covered by a green tarp. We circle the casket(?) in a single file line and all dutifully take a picture while a man is lying on the floor in the corner. Are we nuts?! Back out in the heat to put on our shoes and get back on the bus. After a stop at a newly constructed port for fishing boats it is back to the ship. Along the highway we stop to watch camels crossing the road. Cross Salalah, Oman off the list of places you must see.
We left Oman at 11 PM to be part of a convoy through the danger zone. Helicopters are not more than 15 minutes away. Armed ships are 30 minutes away. Deck 5 has been armed with water hoses aimed at the sides and deck 9+10 are off limits at night. It is amazing the number of people with binoculars always on the look out. We have extra unspecified security on board. Do these people think the bridge won’t see pirates before they do? Yikes!
Now we have 4 days at sea. Yeah!!!!!!!!!!! Day 2 at sea- we won at bridge. Double yeah!